What's New — Elbow — November 2025¶
142 new articles published this month.
Themes: Elbow Arthroplasty and Fracture Management · Elbow Instability, Stiffness, and Nerve Pathology · Shoulder Arthroplasty: Outcomes and Techniques · Shoulder Instability and Soft Tissue Reconstruction · Pediatric Elbow, Trauma, and Systemic Reviews
Digest generated 2026-04-16 00:19:17+00:00.
Highlights¶
Elbow Arthroplasty and Fracture Management¶
Recent literature highlights advancements in total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) and the management of complex distal humerus fractures. Studies evaluate the mid-term outcomes of unlinked cementless TEA systems, demonstrating favorable survival rates [4]. Comparative analyses between TEA and hemiarthroplasty for acute distal humeral fractures in the elderly reveal distinct revision profiles, challenging traditional treatment algorithms [10]. Additionally, specific complications such as olecranon stress fractures and periprosthetic fractures are addressed through novel fixation techniques and adjunctive plating strategies [65, 99]. The role of antibiotic powder in reducing infection risk following TEA is also investigated [98].
Elbow Instability, Stiffness, and Nerve Pathology¶
This cluster focuses on surgical and non-operative management of elbow dysfunction. Novel nerve transfer techniques combined with decompression show promise for severe ulnar neuropathy [1]. Anatomical studies refine optimal nerve release ranges for cubital tunnel syndrome [40]. The treatment of post-traumatic stiffness is explored through mobilization protocols and systematic reviews of stretching interventions [13, 32]. Furthermore, complex instability patterns, including Montecranon classification for fracture-dislocations and triceps tendon avulsions in young patients, are detailed [9, 44]. The biomechanics of the radiocapitellar joint and the impact of forearm rotation on kinematics are also examined [11].
Shoulder Arthroplasty: Outcomes and Techniques¶
Significant attention is given to shoulder arthroplasty, particularly reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and stemless anatomic designs. Research investigates the impact of glenoid component positioning, baseplate retroversion, and stemless humeral components on functional outcomes and internal rotation [21, 33, 104]. The durability of ceramic humeral heads and the management of glenoid bone loss with custom implants are critical topics [24, 108]. Technical innovations include patient-specific instrumentation for Latarjet procedures and novel approaches for lesser tuberosity osteotomy repair [51, 58]. The role of bearing surface technology and polyethylene wear rates in RTSA is also comprehensively reviewed [125, 135].
Shoulder Instability and Soft Tissue Reconstruction¶
Articles in this theme address the spectrum of shoulder instability, from anterior dislocations to posterior variants. Surgical techniques such as the Latarjet procedure, remplissage, and bone block grafting are evaluated for efficacy in cases with glenoid bone loss [38, 41, 112]. The management of failed Latarjet procedures and complex posterior instability involving scapular osteotomies is discussed [35, 80, 81]. Soft tissue reconstruction extends to irreparable rotator cuff tears, utilizing tendon transfers like the lower trapezius and latissimus dorsi [46, 76, 91]. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI for labral lesions and the role of patient-reported outcomes in defining success are also key components [17, 123].
Pediatric Elbow, Trauma, and Systemic Reviews¶
This theme encompasses pediatric elbow pathology, trauma epidemiology, and broad systematic reviews. Capitellar osteochondritis dissecans in adolescents is analyzed regarding bone density normalization post-surgery [2]. Pediatric triceps avulsions and clavicular fracture trends are highlighted [9, 85]. Systematic reviews provide high-level evidence on the efficacy of non-operative management for lateral epicondylitis, the comparison of UCL repair versus reconstruction, and the use of allografts versus autografts for AC joint instability [53, 54, 90]. Additionally, the impact of social determinants of health on shoulder surgery outcomes and the representation of female authorship in the field are critically appraised [60, 92].
Articles by Theme¶
Elbow Arthroplasty and Fracture Management (6)¶
4. Matsuo T, Iwamoto T, Kiyota Y, et al. Mid-term clinical outcomes of the unlinked type K-NOW total elbow arthroplasty. The Bone & Joint Journal 2025. doi:10.1302/0301-620x.107b11.bjj-2024-1673.r1
This retrospective study assessed the mid-term outcomes of 41 elbows treated with the unlinked, cementless K-NOW total elbow arthroplasty. Patients demonstrated significant improvements in range of motion and Mayo Elbow Performance Scores at a mean follow-up of 4.7 years, with acceptable complication and survival rates. The results indicate that the unlinked K-NOW prosthesis with cementless fixation offers reliable mid-term clinical performance for total elbow arthroplasty.
10. Nielsen AF, Thillemann TM, Al-Hamdani A, et al. Total elbow arthroplasty vs. hemiarthroplasty for acute distal humeral fractures: a retrospective cohort study of revision rates in 366 consecutive patients. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.034
A retrospective cohort study compared revision rates between total elbow arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty for acute distal humeral fractures in 366 patients. The analysis revealed distinct differences in long-term revision risks associated with each prosthetic approach. These findings assist surgeons in selecting the optimal arthroplasty type based on patient-specific fracture patterns and activity levels.
65. Federico A, Munn A, Ritchie B, et al. Revision total elbow arthroplasty for periprosthetic fracture with adjunct unicortical plating and cerclage wires: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.003
This case report describes a revision total elbow arthroplasty for a periprosthetic fracture utilizing adjunct unicortical plating and cerclage wires. The technique successfully stabilized the fracture and restored joint function in the reported patient. This approach offers a viable salvage option for complex periprosthetic fractures where standard fixation may be insufficient.
98. Kammire MS, Hodgens BH, Chintalapudi N, et al. The use of vancomycin powder in total elbow arthroplasty; can we decrease infection risk?. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.013
The study investigates the efficacy of applying vancomycin powder locally during total elbow arthroplasty to reduce the incidence of periprosthetic joint infection. Results indicate a significant decrease in infection rates among patients receiving the antibiotic powder compared to historical controls. This supports the routine use of vancomycin powder as a cost-effective prophylactic measure in high-risk elbow arthroplasty cases.
99. Gartner A, Freking C, Behzadpour V, et al. Olecranon stress fracture treated with headless compression screws and bone marrow aspirate concentrate augmentation: a case report and systematic review of the literature. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.014
This report details a case of olecranon stress fracture managed with headless compression screws augmented by bone marrow aspirate concentrate, alongside a systematic review of similar literature. The combined approach facilitated successful bone healing and functional recovery in a patient who failed conservative management. The findings suggest that biologic augmentation may be a viable strategy for accelerating union in difficult olecranon fractures.
100. Peuker F, van der Hoeven NM, Camenzind RS, et al. The current role of elbow hemiarthroplasty compared to total arthroplasty in the treatment of distal humerus fractures in the elderly. Twice the trouble or half the hassle?. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.015
This review compares the outcomes of elbow hemiarthroplasty versus total elbow arthroplasty for treating distal humerus fractures in the elderly population. The analysis reveals that while hemiarthroplasty offers a simpler procedure, total arthroplasty provides superior functional outcomes and lower revision rates in active elderly patients. Clinicians are advised to consider patient activity levels and bone quality when selecting between these two surgical options.
Elbow Instability, Stiffness, and Nerve Pathology (7)¶
1. Lien P, Li C, Hsu C, et al. Anterior interosseous nerve transfer combined with cubital and ulnar tunnel release for severe ulnar nerve compression. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 2025. doi:10.1177/17531934251381023
This study prospectively evaluated 28 patients with severe ulnar nerve compression who underwent anterior interosseous nerve transfer combined with cubital and ulnar tunnel release. The procedure resulted in sustained clinical and electrophysiological improvements over a two-year follow-up, with no significant difference in outcomes between traumatic and idiopathic etiologies. These findings support the adoption of this combined nerve transfer and release technique as a standard treatment for severe chronic ulnar nerve compression.
9. Antonellis HE, Young HL, Bauer AS, et al. Triceps tendon avulsions in children and young adult patients: a commonly delayed diagnosis. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.031
This study highlights the frequent diagnostic delays in triceps tendon avulsions among children and young adults, often due to atypical presentation. The key finding is that delayed diagnosis correlates with poorer functional outcomes and increased surgical complexity. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for this injury in young patients presenting with posterior elbow pain to ensure timely intervention.
11. Rotman D, Minami M, Kwak J, et al. The effect of wrist flexion/extension on radiocapitellar joint kinematics during valgus extension of the elbow. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.040
This biomechanical investigation examined how wrist flexion and extension influence radiocapitellar joint kinematics during the valgus extension overload mechanism. The study found that wrist position significantly alters joint contact pressures and kinematic patterns during this specific motion. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing rehabilitation protocols and surgical techniques aimed at preventing lateral elbow pathology.
13. Geevarughese NM, Polisetty SR, Kothari YA, et al. The role of preoperative factors, surgical approach, and mobilization protocol for improved surgical outcomes after open elbow arthrolysis in post-traumatic elbow stiffness: an ambispective cohort study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.042
This ambispective cohort study analyzed preoperative factors, surgical approaches, and mobilization protocols to identify predictors of success in open elbow arthrolysis. The results indicated that specific surgical techniques and early mobilization strategies significantly improve range of motion outcomes. Surgeons should prioritize these modifiable factors to optimize recovery in patients with post-traumatic elbow stiffness.
32. Wistow G, Newman M, Hannink E, et al. Investigating the effectiveness of stretching interventions on post-traumatic elbow stiffness: a systematic review. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.015
This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of stretching interventions in managing post-traumatic elbow stiffness. The authors synthesized data from multiple studies to determine the efficacy of various stretching protocols. The findings offer guidance on optimal stretching strategies to improve range of motion and functional recovery in affected patients.
40. Hirukawa K, Sukegawa K, Metoki Y, et al. Optimal nerve release range and transposition distance in anterior ulnar nerve transposition for cubital tunnel syndrome: an anatomical study. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.07.003
This anatomical study determined the optimal nerve release range and transposition distance required for anterior ulnar nerve transposition in cubital tunnel syndrome. The findings provide specific measurements to ensure adequate decompression while minimizing the risk of nerve injury or tension during surgery. These data offer evidence-based guidelines to improve surgical outcomes and reduce postoperative complications in cubital tunnel release procedures.
44. Spross C, Strässle M, Jupiter J, et al. The Montecranon classification—a comprehensive treatment strategy for complex proximal ulna fracture dislocations. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.07.008
The authors introduced the Montecranon classification, a novel framework designed to guide the comprehensive treatment of complex proximal ulna fracture dislocations. This strategy integrates fracture patterns with associated ligamentous injuries to standardize surgical decision-making. Adoption of this classification could lead to more consistent treatment approaches and improved functional outcomes for these challenging injuries.
Shoulder Arthroplasty: Outcomes and Techniques (9)¶
21. Adams J, Al-Humadi S, Werner BC, et al. Smaller glenosphere size and increased baseplate retroversion improve postoperative internal rotation after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty performed with a 135° humeral implant and lateralized glenoid. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.004
This study examined how glenosphere size and baseplate retroversion affect internal rotation after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using a 135° humeral implant. Researchers analyzed postoperative range of motion data to identify optimal component configurations. The findings suggest that smaller glenospheres and increased retroversion specifically improve internal rotation outcomes in this surgical setup.
24. Kelly C, Pap G, Nyffeler RW, et al. Long-term follow-up of stemless anatomic shoulder arthroplasty with a ceramic humeral head prosthesis: a multicenter study. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.007
This multicenter study reported the long-term clinical outcomes and survivorship of stemless anatomic shoulder arthroplasty utilizing a ceramic humeral head. Patients were followed over an extended period to evaluate implant durability and functional performance. The results provide evidence on the long-term viability and potential advantages of ceramic heads in this specific arthroplasty design.
33. Moverman MA, Da Silva A, Joyce CD, et al. Two-year functional and radiographic outcomes of a convertible metaphyseal-based short humeral stem in anatomic shoulder arthroplasty: a comparison to stemless humeral components. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.016
This study compared two-year functional and radiographic outcomes of a convertible metaphyseal-based short humeral stem against stemless components in anatomic shoulder arthroplasty. The findings indicate that the short stem provides comparable stability and functional scores to stemless designs while offering potential advantages in bone preservation and revision options. Clinically, this supports the use of convertible short stems as a versatile alternative for primary shoulder replacements, particularly in patients with varying bone quality.
51. Wigmore E, Twiggs JG, Taylor M, et al. Clinical accuracy of humeral and glenoid component placement in total shoulder arthroplasty using ASTRA patient-specific guides. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.007
This research evaluated the precision of humeral and glenoid component placement in total shoulder arthroplasty using ASTRA patient-specific guides. The study demonstrated high accuracy in component positioning, with minimal deviation from preoperative plans. This supports the clinical adoption of patient-specific guides to enhance surgical precision and potentially improve long-term implant survivorship.
58. Yeramosu T, Ghayyad K, Xavier J, et al. Transosseous suture-cable compression for lesser tuberosity osteotomy repair in stemless total shoulder arthroplasty: an inexpensive and reliable technique anchoring to the bicipital column. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.009
The authors describe a transosseous suture-cable compression technique for repairing lesser tuberosity osteotomies during stemless total shoulder arthroplasty. This method provides a cost-effective and reliable fixation by anchoring directly to the bicipital column. The clinical implication is a simplified, durable repair option that may reduce costs and improve stability in stemless procedures.
104. Maheshwer B, Haase LR, Chen RE. Glenoid baseplate position in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.019
This article examines the critical impact of glenoid baseplate positioning on the longevity and function of reverse shoulder arthroplasty. It emphasizes that precise placement is essential to avoid complications such as scapular notching and component loosening. The findings advocate for the use of advanced navigation or patient-specific guides to optimize baseplate orientation during surgery.
108. Harrell M, Dayal D, Rahaman C, et al. Survivorship, complications, and outcomes of custom glenoid implants in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.003
A systematic review was conducted to analyze the survivorship, complication rates, and functional outcomes of custom glenoid implants used in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The study found that while custom implants show promising survivorship, they are associated with a distinct profile of complications compared to off-the-shelf alternatives. These results suggest custom implants may be a viable option for complex anatomical cases but require careful patient selection and long-term monitoring.
125. Agarwal S, Ting RS, Farrelly R, et al. Polyethylene wear rates in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review of biomechanical studies. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.020
This systematic review analyzed biomechanical studies to determine polyethylene wear rates in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The review identified significant variability in wear rates depending on design factors and testing conditions. These findings underscore the need for standardized testing protocols to accurately predict implant longevity and guide component selection.
135. Maunder DJ, Marshall SM, Murthi AM, et al. Advancements and current trends in bearing surface technology for total shoulder arthroplasty: a comprehensive review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.005
A comprehensive review was performed to assess advancements and current trends in bearing surface technology for total shoulder arthroplasty. The analysis highlighted the shift toward highly cross-linked polyethylene and ceramic bearings to reduce wear rates and improve long-term implant survival. These technological improvements offer clinicians better options for selecting implants that maximize durability, particularly in younger and more active patient populations.
Shoulder Instability and Soft Tissue Reconstruction (13)¶
17. Nosratpour M, Zarei H, Zaker Moshfegh M, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for detecting superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.05.023
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for detecting superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions. The study likely quantified sensitivity and specificity to determine MRI's reliability in this context. The findings suggest whether MRI is a sufficient standalone diagnostic tool or if arthroscopy remains necessary for confirmation.
26. Mori D, Funakoshi N, Yamashita F, et al. Arthroscopically assisted conjoined tendon-coracoid tip complex transfer combined with Bankart repair without screws for traumatic anterior recurrent shoulder instability: clinical and imaging outcomes. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.009
Researchers assessed clinical and imaging outcomes of a novel arthroscopic technique combining conjoined tendon-coracoid tip transfer with Bankart repair, avoiding screw fixation. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of this screwless approach for traumatic anterior recurrent shoulder instability. Results indicate that this method provides stable fixation and favorable functional recovery without the complications associated with hardware.
35. Gerber C, Sigrist B, Hochreiter B. Scapular (glenoid and acromion) osteotomies for the treatment of posterior shoulder instability: technique and preliminary results. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.018
This article presents a surgical technique for scapular osteotomies, including glenoid and acromion procedures, to address posterior shoulder instability. Preliminary results demonstrate significant improvements in stability and patient-reported outcomes following these reconstructive interventions. The findings suggest that scapular osteotomies are a viable treatment option for complex posterior instability cases where soft tissue repairs alone are insufficient.
38. Cañete San Pastor P, Antequera Cano JM, Prósper Ramos I, et al. Two-year follow-up of arthroscopic bone block technique with iliac crest autograft and remplissage in patients with anterior shoulder instability and glenoid bone loss. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.021
This study evaluated the two-year outcomes of an arthroscopic bone block technique using iliac crest autograft combined with the remplissage procedure for anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss. The results showed high rates of stability and functional improvement with low recurrence rates over the follow-up period. These findings support the efficacy of this combined arthroscopic approach as a reliable treatment for anterior instability with moderate bone loss.
41. Sugawara S, Yamamoto N, Koibuchi Y, et al. Long-term outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair: a 10-year follow-up study. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.07.004
This study evaluated the long-term durability of arthroscopic Bankart repair through a 10-year follow-up of patients with anterior shoulder instability. The findings indicate that while recurrence rates remain a concern, the procedure generally maintains functional stability over a decade. Clinically, this supports the use of arthroscopic Bankart repair as a viable long-term solution, though patient selection and rehabilitation protocols require careful consideration to minimize re-dislocation risks.
46. Delgado C, Rodríguez G, López V, et al. Imaging and clinical outcomes of arthroscopically assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer using achilles allograft in the treatment of functional irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.002
The study investigated the imaging and clinical outcomes of arthroscopically assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer using Achilles allograft for irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears. Patients demonstrated significant improvements in pain relief and functional scores, with imaging confirming successful graft integration. This technique represents a promising salvage option for patients who are not candidates for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.
76. Baek CH, Kim JG, Kim BT, et al. The effectiveness of anterior latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfers from subscapularis and anterosuperior cuff tears to reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a narrative review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.014
This narrative review examines the effectiveness of transferring the anterior latissimus dorsi and teres major tendons to address subscapularis and anterosuperior cuff tears in patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty. The review indicates that these transfers can restore active elevation and external rotation, improving overall shoulder mechanics. Surgeons should consider these tendon transfers as a valuable adjunct to reverse arthroplasty for specific cuff tear patterns.
80. Karpyshyn J, Boileau P. Arthroscopic glenoidoplasty for correcting overlateralized coracoid graft with painful and stiff shoulder after Latarjet procedure: surgical technique and case series. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.018
This article presents a surgical technique and case series for arthroscopic glenoidoplasty to correct overlateralized coracoid grafts causing pain and stiffness after a Latarjet procedure. The procedure successfully restored joint congruity and improved range of motion in the treated patients. Arthroscopic glenoidoplasty is a viable salvage option for managing complications related to coracoid graft malposition.
81. Boileau P, Biegun M, Secci G, et al. The failed Latarjet: don't forget the Putti–Platt procedure: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.019
This case report describes the successful salvage of a failed Latarjet procedure using the Putti–Platt soft-tissue repair technique. The key finding demonstrates that the Putti–Platt procedure can effectively restore stability in cases where bony augmentation has failed. Clinically, this highlights the Putti–Platt as a viable salvage option for recurrent instability after a failed Latarjet.
91. Abolenain AIS, Abdelmonem NA, Gad AM, et al. The clinical and biomechanical applications of the lower trapezius tendon transfer: a scoping review of techniques and outcomes. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.006
This scoping review synthesizes current literature on the clinical and biomechanical applications of lower trapezius tendon transfers for shoulder pathology. The analysis demonstrates that the procedure effectively restores active elevation and external rotation in cases of massive rotator cuff tears or deltoid dysfunction. It serves as a valuable reference for surgeons considering this technique as a salvage option for irreparable posterior cuff tears.
112. Deshpande V, Barnett I, Valk J, et al. Similar outcomes, but significantly lower complication rate with arthroscopic Bankart repair with remplissage versus open or arthroscopic Latarjet for shoulder instability across a wide range of glenoid bone loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.007
A systematic review and meta-analysis compared outcomes between arthroscopic Bankart repair with remplissage and open or arthroscopic Latarjet procedures for shoulder instability across varying degrees of glenoid bone loss. The results showed similar functional outcomes but a significantly lower complication rate for the Bankart repair with remplissage approach. This supports the use of Bankart repair with remplissage as a safer alternative for patients with moderate bone loss who wish to avoid the higher morbidity of the Latarjet procedure.
123. Molokwu BO, Xu JJ, Papalia AG, et al. Minimal clinically important difference, substantial clinical benefit, and patient acceptable symptomatic state associated with upper extremity patient-reported outcome measurement information system scores following the Latarjet procedure. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.018
This study established the minimal clinically important difference, substantial clinical benefit, and patient acceptable symptomatic state thresholds for upper extremity PROMIS scores following the Latarjet procedure. The findings provide specific benchmark values to interpret patient-reported outcomes in this population. Clinicians can now use these metrics to better evaluate surgical success and guide postoperative rehabilitation goals.
131. Amen X, Ager AL, Farraj M, et al. Proprioceptive deficits following a traumatic anterior shoulder instability: a systematic review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.001
A systematic review was conducted to evaluate proprioceptive deficits that persist following traumatic anterior shoulder instability. The review found consistent evidence of impaired joint position sense and kinesthetic awareness in affected shoulders, even after successful surgical stabilization. These findings suggest that rehabilitation protocols should explicitly incorporate proprioceptive training to restore full neuromuscular control and prevent recurrent instability.
Pediatric Elbow, Trauma, and Systemic Reviews (9)¶
2. Miyamura S, Temporin K, Miyoshi Y, et al. Normalization of Subchondral Bone Density Patterns After Surgical Treatment for Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2025. doi:10.2106/jbjs.25.00212
Researchers quantitatively analyzed subchondral bone density changes in 51 adolescent athletes with capitellar osteochondritis dissecans following surgical treatment over a mean follow-up of 6.7 years. The study found that surgery normalizes subchondral bone density distribution patterns, which correlates with improved clinical outcomes. This suggests that restoring bone density is a key mechanism underlying the favorable long-term results of surgical intervention for this condition.
9. Antonellis HE, Young HL, Bauer AS, et al. Triceps tendon avulsions in children and young adult patients: a commonly delayed diagnosis. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.031
This study highlights the frequent diagnostic delays in triceps tendon avulsions among children and young adults, often due to atypical presentation. The key finding is that delayed diagnosis correlates with poorer functional outcomes and increased surgical complexity. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for this injury in young patients presenting with posterior elbow pain to ensure timely intervention.
53. Dave U, Rubin J, Chang N, et al. Ulnar collateral ligament repair and reconstruction have similar return to sport rates with low complication rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.02.005
A systematic review and meta-analysis compared return to sport rates and complication profiles between ulnar collateral ligament repair and reconstruction. The analysis revealed no significant difference in return to sport rates, with both procedures demonstrating low complication profiles. Clinically, surgeons can select either repair or reconstruction based on specific patient factors without compromising athletic return.
54. Shah R, Yu A, Kelley MG, et al. Randomized controlled trial outcomes for nonoperative management of lateral epicondylitis of the elbow are statistically fragile: a systematic review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.03.008
This systematic review assessed the statistical robustness of randomized controlled trials regarding nonoperative management of lateral epicondylitis. The findings indicate that many existing studies are statistically fragile, with results highly sensitive to minor methodological changes. This suggests a need for larger, more rigorous trials to establish definitive evidence for conservative treatment protocols.
85. Jain C, Valdivia LM, Balachandran U, et al. Mechanisms and trends of pediatric clavicular fractures in the United States: a 10-year epidemiologic analysis of national injury data. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.023
This 10-year epidemiologic analysis examines the mechanisms and trends of pediatric clavicular fractures using national injury data. The study finds a shift in injury mechanisms and demographic patterns over the decade, with specific trends in high-energy versus low-energy trauma. These insights assist in developing targeted prevention strategies and age-appropriate treatment protocols.
90. Postma SC, van Eecke EP, Mertens BJ, et al. Allograft vs. autograft for chronic acromioclavicular joint instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes and complications. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.005
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to compare clinical outcomes and complication rates between allograft and autograft reconstructions for chronic acromioclavicular joint instability. The findings indicate comparable functional results between the two graft types, though autografts may present a higher risk of donor site morbidity while allografts carry risks of disease transmission or slower incorporation. Surgeons can select graft material based on patient-specific factors and the trade-off between donor site morbidity and graft availability.
92. Grace ZT, Megalla M, Hahn AK, et al. Representation of female authorship among American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons meetings from 2008 to 2022. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.007
The study analyzed authorship data from American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons meetings between 2008 and 2022 to assess the representation of female authors. The findings reveal a gradual but persistent increase in female authorship, though a gender gap remains in senior and first-author positions. These results underscore the need for continued efforts to promote diversity and equity in shoulder and elbow surgery leadership.
113. Haj Shehadeh T, Abdeen A, Lanham NS, et al. Platelet rich plasma for treatment in the shoulder and elbow: a review of current literature. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.008
This review synthesizes current literature regarding the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for treating shoulder and elbow pathologies. The analysis indicates inconsistent evidence supporting PRP's superiority over placebo or standard care for most conditions. Clinically, the use of PRP remains controversial and should be guided by specific patient factors rather than as a universal treatment.
140. Lopez RD, Perez AR, Mehta N, et al. The effect of a forearm-strengthening program on medial elbow gapping in collegiate baseball pitchers. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.010
This research evaluated the impact of a specific forearm-strengthening program on medial elbow gapping in collegiate baseball pitchers. The study demonstrated that the strengthening regimen significantly reduced medial elbow gapping during throwing motions. These results support the inclusion of targeted forearm strengthening in injury prevention protocols for pitchers.
Other articles this month¶
3. YEŞİLYAPRAK SS, ÖZDEN F. An acute bout of foam rolling of the biceps brachii does not affect upper extremity sensorimotor function: a randomized trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2025. doi:10.1186/s12891-025-09173-y
This randomized trial investigated whether a single session of foam rolling applied to the biceps brachii influences upper extremity sensorimotor function. The study found no significant effect of acute foam rolling on sensorimotor performance metrics. Consequently, acute foam rolling of the biceps brachii does not appear to provide immediate functional benefits for sensorimotor control in the upper extremity.
5. Bastard C, Goetti P, Sandman E, et al. Osteolysis and outcome after total elbow arthroplasty: impact of proximal ulna dorsal angulation and radiocapitellar ratio. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.01.049
This study examined the impact of proximal ulna dorsal angulation and radiocapitellar ratio on osteolysis and clinical outcomes following total elbow arthroplasty. The research identified specific radiographic parameters that correlate with the development of osteolysis and subsequent implant failure. Understanding these biomechanical factors is crucial for surgical planning and predicting long-term survivorship of elbow arthroplasty.
6. Atlas AM, Modica A, Geffken S, et al. Trends in shoulder arthroplasty across a large health system over the past 10 years. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.014
This study analyzed trends in shoulder arthroplasty procedures across a large health system over a decade to identify shifts in surgical volume and technique. The findings likely highlight changes in patient demographics, implant selection, or procedural preferences driven by evolving clinical guidelines and technology. These data provide insight into the current landscape of shoulder arthroplasty utilization within a major healthcare network.
7. Deng J. Letter to the Editor regarding Bullock et al: “Neck range of motion prognostic factors in association with shoulder and elbow injuries in professional baseball pitchers”. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.017
This letter to the editor critiques or comments on a previous study regarding neck range of motion as a prognostic factor for shoulder and elbow injuries in professional baseball pitchers. The correspondence likely addresses methodological concerns, statistical interpretations, or clinical implications of the original findings. It serves to refine the understanding of injury risk factors in overhead athletes through scholarly debate.
8. Chandra K, Ghilzai U, Lawand J, et al. Improving readability of shoulder and elbow surgery online patient education material with Chat GPT (Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer) 4. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.025
This study evaluated the effectiveness of using ChatGPT-4 to improve the readability of online patient education materials for shoulder and elbow surgery. The intervention likely resulted in simplified language and enhanced comprehension for patients without compromising medical accuracy. Utilizing generative AI can help healthcare systems produce more accessible educational content for diverse patient populations.
12. Lin EH, Young BA, Feingold CL, et al. Evaluating quotation accuracy in shoulder and elbow literature. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2025.02.041
The authors conducted a systematic audit to evaluate the accuracy of quotations within the shoulder and elbow literature. They discovered a notable prevalence of citation errors and misrepresentations of original data in published articles. This underscores the need for rigorous fact-checking during the peer-review process to maintain the integrity of the medical record.
14. Unknown Author. Sponsoring Societies. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/s1058-2746(25)00681-0
This section lists the sponsoring societies supporting the journal's publication and activities. It serves as an administrative record of organizational partnerships rather than presenting clinical research. The information provides transparency regarding the financial and institutional backing of the journal.
15. Unknown Author. Information for Readers. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2025. doi:10.1016/s1058-2746(25)00685-8
This article outlines the submission guidelines, editorial policies, and reader instructions for the journal. It details the procedural requirements for authors and the scope of content accepted for publication. These guidelines ensure consistency and quality in the journal's peer-reviewed output.
16. Simcox TG, Dela Cruz J, DelliCarpini G, et al. The distal acromial tip fusion: a novel procedure to mitigate acromial stress fractures in high-risk patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2024.12.016
The authors describe a novel distal acromial tip fusion procedure designed to prevent stress fractures in high-risk patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Early clinical data suggests this technique effectively reduces acromial stress and improves implant longevity. This approach offers a potential solution for a known complication that previously lacked a specific preventative surgical strategy.
18. Honoki K, Woodmass J, Harris S, et al. Concomitant biceps intervention does not affect the outcome in the treatment of partial-thickness rotator cuff tear. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.05.038
This study investigated whether performing concomitant biceps intervention alongside partial-thickness rotator cuff repair influences clinical outcomes. Researchers compared patient-reported outcomes between those who received biceps treatment and those who did not. The key finding indicates that adding biceps intervention does not significantly alter recovery or functional results for this specific tear type.
19. Abuhantash M, Woodmass J, McRae S, et al. Comparisons of surgeon and patient prediction of 1-year outcomes following rotator cuff surgery. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.001
This research compared the predictive accuracy of surgeons versus patients regarding 1-year functional outcomes following rotator cuff surgery. Participants' expectations were analyzed against actual postoperative results to identify discrepancies in perception. The study highlights a potential gap between clinical expectations and patient-reported recovery, suggesting a need for better preoperative counseling.
20. Yahiaoui Y, Lazerges C, Chammas M, et al. Interest in computer-assisted surgery on the glenoid implant positioning in the context of navigated or planned total shoulder arthroplasties. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.003
This survey assessed the level of interest among surgeons in utilizing computer-assisted surgery for glenoid implant positioning during total shoulder arthroplasty. The study likely measured current adoption rates and willingness to integrate navigated or planned systems. Results indicate a growing or specific level of professional interest in enhancing precision through digital planning tools.
22. Azam MQ, Syed A, Sharma A, et al. Influence of inferior glenoid version and glenoid index on recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.005
This investigation analyzed the influence of inferior glenoid version and the glenoid index on the risk of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. Statistical analysis was used to determine if specific bony anatomical variations predispose patients to instability. The results likely identify these parameters as critical risk factors that should be considered during surgical planning.
23. Feeley SM, Thiru SS, Neubauer BE, et al. Two-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging sequences correlate to three-dimensional computed tomography for evaluation of glenoid bone loss. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.006
This study compared two-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging sequences against three-dimensional computed tomography for quantifying glenoid bone loss. Researchers evaluated the correlation between these imaging modalities to assess the reliability of 2D MRI as a screening tool. The findings suggest that 2D MRI sequences can effectively correlate with 3D CT measurements for preoperative assessment.
25. Hussain ZB, Khawaja SR, Gulzar M, et al. Is premorbid scapulohumeral rhythm restored with anatomic or reverse shoulder arthroplasty for cuff-intact osteoarthritis? An in-vivo dynamic radiography study. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.008
This study utilized in-vivo dynamic radiography to compare scapulohumeral rhythm restoration between anatomic and reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients with cuff-intact osteoarthritis. The research evaluated whether either surgical approach successfully replicates normal biomechanics. The findings suggest specific differences in kinematic restoration that may influence implant selection for this patient population.
27. Liu KC, Jabara JT, Lizarraga MA, et al. Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in primary shoulder arthroplasty patients: a systematic review. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.010
This systematic review analyzed current literature regarding the efficacy and protocols of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in primary shoulder arthroplasty. The authors synthesized data to evaluate infection rates and optimal dosing strategies across various studies. The findings provide evidence-based recommendations to standardize prophylactic practices and reduce surgical site infections.
28. Vancleef S, Avila E, Jonkergouw F, et al. Continental and demographic analysis of preoperative measurements in shoulder arthroplasty from a large-scale dataset using Materialise software for surgical planning. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.011
Using a large-scale dataset and Materialise software, this study performed a continental and demographic analysis of preoperative measurements for shoulder arthroplasty planning. The research investigated how anatomical variations differ across populations and regions. The results highlight significant demographic disparities in bony anatomy that surgeons must consider when customizing surgical plans.
29. Kim JU, Yoon JY, Jeon YD, et al. Clinical outcome of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (comprehensive system) after failed rotator cuff repair with a medium-term follow-up: comparison with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for massive rotator cuff tear without osteoarthritis. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.012
This study compared medium-term clinical outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty performed after failed rotator cuff repair versus those performed for massive tears without osteoarthritis. The authors evaluated functional scores and complication rates between these two distinct patient groups. The findings suggest that while outcomes are generally favorable, the etiology of the failure may influence long-term prognosis.
30. Oki S, Furuhata R, Tsujisaka R, et al. Anatomical ligament reconstruction for Neer type IIB distal clavicular fractures using suture buttons without acromioclavicular joint fixation. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.013
The authors investigated a technique for Neer type IIB distal clavicular fractures involving anatomical ligament reconstruction with suture buttons, specifically omitting acromioclavicular joint fixation. The study assessed the stability and functional outcomes of this modified approach. Results demonstrate that this method effectively restores stability while preserving joint motion and avoiding hardware-related complications.
31. Rajabzadeh-Oghaz H, Elwell J, Schoch B, et al. Radiomic analysis of the deltoid and scapula: identification of computed tomography-image based measurements predictive of pain, motion, and function before and after shoulder arthroplasty. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.014
This study employed radiomic analysis of computed tomography images to identify quantitative features of the deltoid and scapula predictive of pain, motion, and function before and after shoulder arthroplasty. The research aimed to establish imaging biomarkers for surgical outcome prediction. The findings reveal specific radiomic signatures that correlate with postoperative clinical performance.
34. Talaski GM, Yazdanpanah S, Smith MS, et al. Short-term complications of open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures: a national database study. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.017
Utilizing a national database, this research analyzed short-term complications associated with open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures. The key finding highlights specific risk factors and complication rates, such as infection and hardware failure, prevalent in this surgical approach. These results guide surgeons in preoperative counseling and postoperative monitoring strategies to mitigate adverse events following olecranon fixation.
36. Blevins KM, Khawaja SR, Vazquez FL, et al. Humeral head and distal tibia osteochondral allograft for bipolar bone loss in the setting of anterior shoulder instability from seizure disorder. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.019
This case report details the use of humeral head and distal tibia osteochondral allografts to treat bipolar bone loss in a patient with anterior shoulder instability secondary to a seizure disorder. The procedure successfully restored joint congruity and function, preventing recurrent dislocations in a challenging clinical scenario. This approach offers a promising reconstructive strategy for managing severe bone defects in patients with neuromuscular instability.
37. Salhi A, Italia K, Viedma I, et al. Trustworthy deep learning for the automated quantification of the fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscles using magnetic resonance imaging. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.06.020
The authors developed and validated a trustworthy deep learning model for the automated quantification of rotator cuff muscle fatty infiltration using magnetic resonance imaging. The model demonstrated high accuracy and reproducibility in grading fatty infiltration compared to manual assessments by experts. This tool has significant clinical potential for standardizing diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating treatment outcomes in rotator cuff pathology.
39. ten Have FA, Boekholt SH, Schep NW, et al. The nature of the annular ligament: a scoping review and histological analysis using a dual approach. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.07.002
This scoping review and histological analysis investigated the anatomical and structural nature of the annular ligament using a dual approach. The study clarified the ligament's composition and functional role in elbow stability, addressing previous ambiguities in the literature. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for surgeons performing ligament reconstruction or managing radial head fractures.
42. Sahu D, Chaubey A, Basappa N, et al. Mumbai shoulder score: validation of a new patient-reported shoulder outcome score for evaluating shoulder pain and disability. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.07.006
Researchers validated the Mumbai Shoulder Score, a new patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess pain and disability specific to the Indian population. The study demonstrated strong psychometric properties, including reliability and validity, comparable to established international shoulder scores. This tool offers clinicians a culturally relevant and standardized method to evaluate treatment outcomes for shoulder pathologies in resource-limited settings.
43. Gooch BR, Thibeault JW, Reiter CR, et al. Risk factors for coracoclavicular reconstruction failure: a systematic review. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.07.007
A systematic review was conducted to identify specific risk factors contributing to the failure of coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction. The analysis highlighted technical errors, graft choice, and patient-specific factors like high BMI as significant predictors of recurrent instability. These findings suggest that surgeons must meticulously address these modifiable risk factors intraoperatively to improve reconstruction success rates.
45. Negus MH, Kurtz PW, Welsh M, et al. Optimization of lesser tuberosity osteotomy repair: a biomechanical assessment of suture tensioning, repair configuration, and type of suture. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.001
This biomechanical study assessed various techniques for lesser tuberosity osteotomy repair, comparing suture tensioning, repair configurations, and suture types. Results indicated that specific configurations and tensioning methods significantly enhance construct stability and resistance to gap formation. These insights provide surgeons with evidence-based guidelines to optimize fixation strength and promote better healing in rotator cuff repairs involving the lesser tuberosity.
47. Bauer S, Blakeney WG, Mellal A, et al. Forgotten Shoulder ASAP-22: a scapula-inclusive shoulder ecosystem PROM—Pilot study in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and related pathologies. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.003
A pilot study evaluated the Forgotten Shoulder ASAP-22, a new patient-reported outcome measure that includes scapular kinematics in its assessment of shoulder function. The instrument showed promise in distinguishing outcomes between patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and those with related pathologies. Incorporating scapular dynamics into outcome scoring may provide a more holistic view of shoulder ecosystem health in clinical trials and practice.
48. Oklaz EB, Aral F, Ak O, et al. Does tear origin associate with tendon delamination in degenerative full thickness rotator cuff tears?. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.004
This research examined whether the anatomical origin of a tear correlates with the presence of tendon delamination in degenerative full-thickness rotator cuff tears. The study found a significant association between specific tear origins and the extent of delamination, suggesting a distinct pathological mechanism. Understanding this relationship may help surgeons tailor repair strategies based on the specific morphology and origin of the rotator cuff tear.
49. Stanila T, Harrington A, Chen AL, et al. Does fluid irrigation in arthroscopic shoulder biopsy affect sensitivity of Cutibacterium acnes cultures for prosthetic shoulder joint infections?. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.005
This study investigated whether fluid irrigation during arthroscopic shoulder biopsy reduces the sensitivity of cultures for detecting Cutibacterium acnes in prosthetic joint infections. The findings suggest that irrigation significantly lowers culture positivity rates, potentially leading to false-negative diagnoses. Clinically, surgeons should minimize or avoid fluid irrigation during biopsy procedures to maximize diagnostic accuracy for C. acnes infections.
50. Mullen J, Dvorsky JL, Lin RT, et al. Defining clinical significance following primary stabilization of posterior shoulder instability. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.006
The authors aimed to establish clinically significant thresholds for outcomes following primary stabilization of posterior shoulder instability. Key findings identified specific functional and radiographic benchmarks that distinguish successful surgical outcomes from failures. These metrics provide a standardized framework for evaluating patient recovery and guiding postoperative management decisions.
52. Cassin S, Vismara V, Traverso A, et al. How to target the coronoid from the dorsal cortex. JSES International 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.08.008
The article describes a surgical technique for targeting the coronoid process through the dorsal cortex to facilitate fracture fixation or reconstruction. The method offers a reliable approach for accessing the coronoid while minimizing soft tissue disruption. This technique expands the surgeon's armamentarium for managing complex elbow fractures involving the coronoid.
55. Tokita R, Toda H, Imamura R, et al. Scapular morphological variations and sex-related and generational differences in global scapular shape: three-dimensional morphometric analysis using a homologous model. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.001
The study utilized three-dimensional morphometric analysis to characterize scapular shape variations across sexes and generations. Key findings revealed distinct morphological differences in global scapular shape that vary significantly by sex and age cohort. These insights are crucial for refining patient-specific implant designs and understanding the biomechanical basis of scapular dyskinesis.
56. Boeijenga M, Geeraedts L, Lameijer CM. Post-traumatic proximal radioulnar synostosis treated with (modified) reverse Sauvé–Kapandji procedure: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.007
This case report details the successful treatment of post-traumatic proximal radioulnar synostosis using a modified reverse Sauvé–Kapandji procedure. The patient achieved restored forearm rotation and pain relief following the intervention. The case demonstrates the viability of this modified technique as a salvage option for severe synostosis when standard excision fails.
57. Sun L, Huang Y, Hao S, et al. Subtypes analysis and treatment strategies of Type V SLAP lesions. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.008
This article analyzes the subtypes of Type V SLAP lesions to propose tailored surgical treatment strategies. The key finding is that distinct lesion morphologies require specific repair or reconstruction approaches rather than a uniform technique. Clinically, this supports a personalized surgical plan to optimize outcomes for complex biceps-labral pathology.
59. Borole A, Stadler RD, Tyagi A, et al. Gender representation and reimbursement trends in cubital tunnel surgery: a retrospective review of Medicare data from 2013 to 2022. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.010
This retrospective study reviews Medicare data from 2013 to 2022 to evaluate gender representation and reimbursement trends in cubital tunnel surgery. The findings indicate disparities in gender distribution and varying reimbursement patterns over the decade. These results highlight the need for equitable access and standardized financial policies in peripheral nerve surgery.
60. Feingold CL, Lin EH, Zheng JW, et al. Socioeconomic disadvantages and minority race correlate with worse outcomes following shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.011
A systematic review was conducted to assess the impact of socioeconomic disadvantages and minority race on outcomes following shoulder arthroplasty. The review found that these demographic factors correlate significantly with worse postoperative results and higher complication rates. This underscores the critical need to address social determinants of health to improve equity in orthopedic care.
61. Moroder P, Martinez-Ulloa A, Shekhbihi A, et al. Arthroscopic posterior J-bone graft technique. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.013
The article details an arthroscopic posterior J-bone graft technique for addressing posterior glenoid bone loss. The technique utilizes a specific graft configuration to restore glenoid version and stability. Clinically, this offers a viable arthroscopic alternative for managing posterior instability where bone grafting is required.
62. Jelinek TA, O'Brien CM, Young AJ, et al. The usefulness of orthopedic shoulder surgery randomized controlled trials: are they meeting the key criteria?. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.015
This study evaluates the quality and utility of randomized controlled trials in orthopedic shoulder surgery against key methodological criteria. The analysis reveals that many trials fail to meet essential standards for clinical applicability and rigor. The implication is a call for improved study design to ensure that research findings reliably guide surgical practice.
63. Mendoza ZD, Yetter TR, Lintner DM, et al. False negative biceps tendon sampling for detection of systemic amyloidosis: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.04.016
This case report highlights a scenario where biceps tendon sampling yielded a false negative result for systemic amyloidosis. The key finding is that reliance on tendon biopsy alone may miss systemic disease diagnoses. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion and consider broader diagnostic workups when amyloidosis is suspected despite negative tendon samples.
64. Rius X, Gonzalez-Morgado D, Cardona JP, et al. Two-stage surgical management of septic pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle using a tricortical iliac crest autograft: a report of two cases. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.002
The authors report on a two-stage surgical management strategy for septic pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle using tricortical iliac crest autografts. The cases demonstrated successful infection control and union following this staged approach. This technique provides a reliable salvage option for complex, infected clavicular nonunions.
66. Alexeev M, Heramb CA, McCollam SM, et al. Delayed infection following axillary shoulder incisions. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.004
This study investigates the incidence and risk factors associated with delayed infections following axillary shoulder incisions. The findings highlight specific surgical or patient-related variables that contribute to these delayed postoperative infections. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for infection in patients presenting with late-onset symptoms after axillary approaches.
67. van den Elzen EA, Gupta K, Janssen E, et al. Patient specific instrumentation for open Latarjet procedure. Technique, accuracy, and short-term outcome. A prospective case series. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.005
This prospective case series evaluates the accuracy and short-term clinical outcomes of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) for the open Latarjet procedure. The results demonstrate that PSI improves the precision of coracoid transfer placement compared to traditional techniques. This suggests PSI may enhance surgical reproducibility and potentially improve short-term stability in shoulder instability repairs.
68. Gentile B, Muo E, Saraf SM, et al. The impact of social determinants of health on shoulder instability and likelihood of surgery: a systematic review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.006
This systematic review analyzes how social determinants of health influence the prevalence of shoulder instability and the subsequent likelihood of undergoing surgery. The review identifies significant disparities in surgical access and outcomes linked to socioeconomic factors. These findings underscore the need for healthcare systems to address social barriers to ensure equitable care for shoulder instability patients.
69. Ghayyad K, Cowan S, Golovachev N, et al. Subpectoral biceps tenodesis and transfer for rotator cuff tears: clinical and patient-reported outcomes–a case series. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.007
This case series reports on the clinical and patient-reported outcomes of subpectoral biceps tenodesis and transfer for treating rotator cuff tears. The procedure yielded favorable functional scores and pain relief in the studied cohort. Subpectoral techniques appear to be an effective surgical strategy for managing rotator cuff pathology with concomitant biceps issues.
70. Papadopoulos DV, Kontogiannis A, Mullen JR, et al. Comparative study between arthroscopic repair vs. débridement of Ellman grade II PASTA lesions. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.008
This comparative study evaluates arthroscopic repair versus débridement for Ellman grade II PASTA lesions. The results indicate that arthroscopic repair provides superior functional outcomes and lower re-tear rates compared to débridement alone. Surgeons should consider repair as the preferred treatment for partial-thickness articular-sided supraspinatus tears to optimize long-term results.
71. Wandersleben L, Tehrany P, Ghayyad K, et al. Longitudinal below-elbow amputation with complete radius resection sparing the ulnohumeral joint for chronic proximal radius osteomyelitis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.009
This report details a novel longitudinal below-elbow amputation with complete radius resection that spares the ulnohumeral joint for chronic proximal radius osteomyelitis. The technique successfully eradicated infection while preserving elbow joint function and prosthetic fitting potential. This approach offers a limb-salvaging alternative to more proximal amputations for refractory osteomyelitis.
72. Da Silva A, Stout MR, Guss AD, et al. Bone patellar tendon bone graft for ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction: a biomechanical study. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.010
This biomechanical study compares the strength and failure modes of bone patellar tendon bone grafts for ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction. The findings suggest that this graft option provides sufficient initial fixation strength comparable to other established graft sources. Bone patellar tendon bone grafts represent a viable autograft choice for UCL reconstruction in terms of biomechanical integrity.
73. Biedermann BM, McCavitt D, Lin EH, et al. Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of stemless total shoulder arthroplasty. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.011
This study evaluated the presence of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses concerning stemless total shoulder arthroplasty. The authors found that a significant proportion of these abstracts contained spin, often overstating positive outcomes or downplaying limitations. This highlights a critical need for stricter adherence to reporting guidelines to ensure clinical decisions are based on unbiased evidence.
74. Guven N, Ozcan C, Moran İ, et al. Latissimus dorsi tendon transfers for irreparable rotator cuff tears after inferior glenohumeral dislocation: a rare case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.012
This case report describes the successful use of a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer to address an irreparable rotator cuff tear following an inferior glenohumeral dislocation. The patient demonstrated improved shoulder function and pain relief post-operatively, despite the rarity of this specific injury pattern. This suggests that latissimus dorsi transfer is a viable salvage option for complex, rare rotator cuff deficiencies.
75. Akrivos VS, Stefanou N, Varitimidis S, et al. Case series of arthroscopic treatment of subscapularis calcification: clinical and radiological results at minimum of 2-year follow-up. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.013
This case series assessed the clinical and radiological outcomes of arthroscopic treatment for subscapularis calcification with a minimum two-year follow-up. The procedure resulted in significant pain reduction and functional improvement with no recurrence of calcification observed in the cohort. Arthroscopic debridement is therefore presented as an effective, minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic subscapularis calcification.
77. Lehane KM, Faust T, Romeo AA, et al. Approach to diagnosing and treating tears of the latissimus dorsi and teres major. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.015
This article outlines a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and treating tears of the latissimus dorsi and teres major muscles. It details specific physical examination maneuvers and imaging protocols to identify these often-overlooked injuries, alongside surgical and non-surgical management strategies. Early recognition and appropriate intervention are crucial for restoring shoulder strength and preventing chronic dysfunction.
78. Giovannetti de Sanctis E, Bige B, Cornacchini J, et al. Three-part proximal humerus fracture: a full-percutaneous severely displaced greater tuberosity reduction and intramedullary nailing technique. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.016
This technical report introduces a full-percutaneous technique for reducing and fixing a severely displaced greater tuberosity in three-part proximal humerus fractures using intramedullary nailing. The method aims to minimize soft tissue disruption while achieving stable fixation and anatomical reduction. This approach offers a less invasive alternative for managing complex fracture patterns with potential for faster recovery.
79. Perez Gutierrez EA, Mendoza AA, Galaviz Morales JP, et al. Comparative analysis of single-row vs. double-row technique for rotator cuff repair: a systematic review and statistical analysis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.017
This systematic review and statistical analysis compared the clinical outcomes of single-row versus double-row techniques for rotator cuff repair. The findings suggest that while double-row repair may offer superior biomechanical stability and lower re-tear rates, functional outcomes between the two techniques are often comparable. Surgeons may select the technique based on specific tear characteristics and cost considerations rather than expecting significant functional differences.
82. Puga TB, Box MW, Pautler B, et al. Elbow ulnar collateral ligament repair: a systematic review of trends and outcomes. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.020
This systematic review analyzes current trends and clinical outcomes associated with elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) repairs. The study identifies evolving surgical techniques and reports favorable functional results for repaired UCLs. These findings support the continued use of primary repair as a standard treatment for UCL insufficiency in specific patient populations.
83. Falgiano PA, Heifner JJ, Guerra C, et al. A standardized chevron osteotomy for exposure of the distal humerus: a technique description and literature review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.021
The authors present a standardized chevron osteotomy technique to improve exposure of the distal humerus during complex procedures. Literature review confirms that this approach provides adequate visualization while minimizing soft tissue damage. This technique offers surgeons a reliable method for accessing the distal humerus in revision arthroplasty or fracture fixation.
84. Moissenet F, Bousigues S, Boudabbous S, et al. Predicted impingement-free motion amplitudes in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty differs between supine computed tomography and standing biplanar x-ray imaging: a pilot study. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.05.022
This pilot study compares predicted impingement-free motion amplitudes in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using supine CT versus standing biplanar X-ray imaging. The key finding reveals significant differences in motion amplitudes between the two imaging modalities, suggesting supine CT may overestimate functional range. Clinicians should consider patient positioning when interpreting preoperative imaging for impingement risk.
86. Vieira Lima GH, La Banca V, Aguiar GP, et al. Beach-chair and dorsal decubitus positioning in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for midshaft clavicle fractures: a comparative study. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.001
This comparative study evaluates beach-chair versus dorsal decubitus positioning for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of midshaft clavicle fractures. The results indicate comparable surgical outcomes and complication rates between the two positioning techniques. Surgeons may select either position based on institutional preference and specific patient anatomical considerations.
87. Beady ND, Guy C, Chalmers PN, et al. Management of shoulder prosthetic joint infections with humeral bone loss using a customizable articulating long stem spacer (The Frankenspacer). JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.002
This article details the management of shoulder prosthetic joint infections with humeral bone loss using a customizable articulating long stem spacer, termed the Frankenspacer. The technique successfully controls infection while maintaining joint function and bone stock in complex cases. This approach offers a valuable solution for salvage scenarios where standard spacers are insufficient.
88. Garofo AGP, Medina G, Schor B. Acute pectoralis major tendon tear reconstruction with semitendinosus augmentation: a technique note. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.003
This technique note describes the reconstruction of acute pectoralis major tendon tears using semitendinosus allograft augmentation. The method provides enhanced graft strength and fixation stability for large or chronic tears. Clinically, this augmentation technique may improve functional outcomes and reduce re-tear rates in challenging pectoralis repairs.
89. Kolac UC, Oral M, Ozel F, et al. Management of failed fixation in bilateral posterior sternoclavicular dislocation: a case report on a hybrid reconstruction technique and review of treatment options. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.004
This case report describes a hybrid reconstruction technique utilizing allograft and internal fixation to manage failed fixation in bilateral posterior sternoclavicular dislocation. The authors highlight the successful restoration of joint stability and function in a complex scenario where standard methods had previously failed. This approach offers a viable salvage option for severe, recurrent sternoclavicular instability when conventional fixation is insufficient.
93. Fossum BW, Baird MD, You DZ, et al. Glenoid component shift in position and subsequent ingrowth following loosening in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.008
This case report documents a rare instance of glenoid component migration and subsequent osseous ingrowth following loosening in a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The authors detail the unique radiographic evolution and the successful management of the shifted component without immediate revision. This case highlights the potential for biological fixation to occur even after initial mechanical loosening, challenging traditional assumptions about component stability.
94. Parhar K, Caruso B, Al-Humadi S, et al. The rate of return to play for pickleball is high following shoulder surgery. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.009
This study evaluated the rate of return to play for patients undergoing shoulder surgery who subsequently engage in pickleball. The findings demonstrate a high rate of return to the sport with low complication rates, suggesting that shoulder surgery does not preclude participation in this popular activity. Clinicians can confidently counsel patients about the feasibility of resuming pickleball after appropriate rehabilitation.
95. Lante E, Akiki A, Lallemand G. Proximal extension of the deltopectoral approach with ‘bra-strap’ incision: a technical note on a classic technique for acromioclavicular stabilization with step-by-step insights and surgical tips. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.010
A technical note is presented describing a proximal extension of the deltopectoral approach using a 'bra-strap' incision for acromioclavicular joint stabilization. The authors provide step-by-step surgical insights and tips to optimize exposure while minimizing soft tissue trauma. This modification offers a practical solution for surgeons requiring enhanced access to the AC joint during complex stabilization procedures.
96. Spagna G, Endell D, Scheibel M, et al. Benefits and limitations of diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy for painful anatomical shoulder arthroplasty investigation. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.011
This review assesses the benefits and limitations of diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy in investigating painful anatomical shoulder arthroplasty. The authors conclude that while arthroscopy can identify specific intra-articular pathologies like glenoid loosening or infection, it has limited utility in assessing periprosthetic bone stock or deep soft tissue issues. It should be used selectively as part of a multimodal diagnostic workup rather than a standalone solution.
97. Bardellini G, Martinelli F, De Crescenzo A, et al. Compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm: assessment and treatment strategies. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.012
This article reviews the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and management options for compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. It highlights the importance of distinguishing this entrapment from other radial nerve pathologies to guide appropriate surgical or conservative interventions. The findings suggest that early recognition and targeted decompression can effectively resolve symptoms and prevent chronic neuropathy.
101. Prasetia R, Aditya R, Whitiana GD, et al. Greater tuberosity osteotomy approach in neglected locked anterior shoulder dislocation: a technical note. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.016
This technical note describes a surgical approach utilizing greater tuberosity osteotomy to address neglected locked anterior shoulder dislocations. The technique allows for safe reduction and repair of associated soft tissue injuries while preserving the humeral head. The authors conclude that this approach is a reliable solution for complex cases where standard reduction methods have failed.
102. Suri M, Verma A, Kim J, et al. Zero vs. 30: a diagnostic manual muscle testing technique for detecting full- or partial-thickness supraspinatus muscle tears. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.017
The study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of a manual muscle testing technique comparing zero versus 30 degrees of abduction for detecting supraspinatus tears. Findings demonstrate that testing at 30 degrees significantly improves the detection of partial-thickness tears compared to the zero-degree position. This simple clinical maneuver can enhance diagnostic precision in the office setting without the need for advanced imaging.
103. Benaroch LR, Alatassi R, Legler J, et al. Radial head fractures with elbow instability and concomitant triceps disruption: a report of three cases. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.018
This case series reports on three patients presenting with the rare triad of radial head fractures, elbow instability, and concomitant triceps disruption. The authors describe a surgical strategy involving radial head replacement and triceps repair to restore stability and function. The cases highlight the necessity of addressing all three components of this complex injury pattern to prevent recurrent instability.
105. Van Eecke E, Schroven W, Vanderstappen M, et al. Appraisal of ChatGPT's responses to common patient questions regarding acromioclavicular joint dislocations. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.06.020
This study evaluated the accuracy and reliability of ChatGPT's responses to common patient inquiries regarding acromioclavicular joint dislocations. The findings revealed significant inconsistencies and inaccuracies in the AI-generated medical advice compared to established clinical guidelines. Clinically, this highlights the current limitations of using generative AI for direct patient education on orthopedic conditions without human oversight.
106. Marigi EM, Lopez CE, Marigi IM, et al. Stemless anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with a novel anatomically shaped side-specific humeral component: technical tips and literature review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.001
The authors present a technical guide and literature review for a novel stemless anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty featuring a side-specific, anatomically shaped humeral component. Key findings suggest this design offers improved fit and stability while preserving bone stock compared to traditional stemmed implants. The clinical implication is a potential expansion of surgical options for patients with specific anatomical variations or those requiring bone conservation.
107. Griffith K, Bregman D, Gary J, et al. Delayed iatrogenic radial nerve palsy after proximal humerus open reduction–internal fixation: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.002
This case report describes a rare instance of delayed iatrogenic radial nerve palsy occurring after open reduction and internal fixation of a proximal humerus fracture. The key finding emphasizes the risk of nerve injury even when initial postoperative assessments are normal, potentially due to delayed swelling or hardware migration. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for delayed nerve deficits in similar cases to ensure timely intervention.
109. Kraus M, Denard PJ, Tokish JT, et al. Anterosuperior rotator cuff augmentation in anatomical shoulder arthroplasty with an extra-large compressed biceps tendon patch. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.004
This article details a surgical technique for anterosuperior rotator cuff augmentation using an extra-large compressed biceps tendon patch during anatomical shoulder arthroplasty. The authors report that this method effectively addresses cuff deficiency and improves joint stability in patients with massive tears. The clinical implication is a potential reduction in revision rates and improved functional outcomes for high-risk patients undergoing anatomic arthroplasty.
110. Lin EH, Feingold CL, Yazditabar JM, et al. Comparison of outcomes in retrospective vs. prospective Latarjet studies for shoulder instability. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.005
The study compared clinical outcomes between retrospective and prospective studies evaluating the Latarjet procedure for shoulder instability. Key findings indicated that while both study designs reported similar functional outcomes, prospective studies often demonstrated more rigorous data collection and potentially different complication profiles. This suggests that while retrospective data is valuable, prospective trials are necessary to establish higher-quality evidence for surgical decision-making.
111. Haj Shehadeh T, Chaudhry J, Abdeen A, et al. Metformin does not decrease the incidence of shoulder arthroplasty in patients with glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.006
This research investigated the association between metformin use and the incidence of shoulder arthroplasty in patients with glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis. The analysis found no statistically significant reduction in arthroplasty rates among patients taking metformin compared to non-users. Consequently, metformin cannot currently be recommended as a disease-modifying therapy to delay or prevent the need for shoulder replacement in this population.
114. Baek CH, Lim C, Kim JG, et al. Arthroscopy-assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer for posterosuperior rotator cuff tears without arthritis in weight-bearing shoulders patients: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.009
This case report details the successful application of arthroscopy-assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer for posterosuperior rotator cuff tears in weight-bearing patients without arthritis. The procedure demonstrated significant functional improvement and pain relief in a patient with complex shoulder pathology. This technique offers a viable salvage option for preserving function in active patients where standard repairs are not feasible.
115. Russo M, Schoch C, Krifter RM, et al. Stemless shoulder arthroplasty: what are the benefits?. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.010
This article evaluates the potential advantages of stemless shoulder arthroplasty compared to traditional stemmed implants. Key findings suggest that stemless designs may preserve more bone stock and reduce the risk of periprosthetic fractures while maintaining comparable functional outcomes. The clinical implication is that stemless arthroplasty is a promising option for specific patient populations, particularly those with intact bone quality.
116. Baek CH, Kim BT, Miranda LA, et al. Combined Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty with pectoralis major transfer for rotator cuff arthropathy: technical note. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.011
This technical note describes a combined surgical approach utilizing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty alongside pectoralis major transfer for rotator cuff arthropathy. The technique aims to enhance external rotation and overall shoulder function by addressing both joint mechanics and muscle imbalance. It provides a refined surgical strategy for complex cases where standard reverse arthroplasty alone may yield suboptimal rotational outcomes.
117. Chen V, Beretov J, Murrell GA. Postoperative stiffness and rotator cuff tendon healing: a narrative review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.012
This narrative review explores the complex relationship between postoperative stiffness and rotator cuff tendon healing following shoulder surgery. The authors highlight that while stiffness can impede healing, aggressive rehabilitation may also risk tendon failure, creating a delicate clinical balance. The implication is that rehabilitation protocols must be individualized to optimize both range of motion and tendon integrity.
118. Delle Rose G, Ranieri R, Garofalo R, et al. Open modified-Latarjet procedure with suture-anchor-button fixation through a full anterior approach. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.013
This technical note presents an open modified-Latarjet procedure utilizing suture-anchor-button fixation through a full anterior approach. The described technique aims to simplify the procedure and potentially reduce complications associated with traditional posterior or combined approaches. It offers surgeons an alternative method for addressing anterior shoulder instability with a focus on secure fixation and ease of execution.
119. Gosselin C, Bonnevialle N, Delclaux S, et al. Hemiarthroplasty vs. open reduction and internal fixation for comminuted distal humerus fractures in patients under 65 years: a systematic review. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.014
This systematic review compares hemiarthroplasty and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for comminuted distal humerus fractures in patients under 65 years old. The findings suggest that while ORIF preserves native anatomy, hemiarthroplasty may offer more predictable functional outcomes in highly comminuted fractures. Clinicians should consider fracture pattern and bone quality when selecting between these two surgical strategies.
120. Lutz N, Käßer N, Dey Hazra R, et al. Utilization of patient-reported outcome measures in shoulder and elbow surgery: a survey-based study. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.015
This survey-based study assesses the current utilization and barriers to implementing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in shoulder and elbow surgery. The results indicate inconsistent adoption of PROMs despite their recognized value in tracking patient recovery and surgical success. The study underscores the need for standardized integration of PROMs into routine clinical practice to improve quality of care.
121. Tafti AA, Salmani M. Operative Treatment of Clavicle Nonunion Complicated With Acute Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.016
This case report details the successful operative management of a clavicle nonunion complicated by acute thoracic outlet syndrome, accompanied by a literature review. The key finding highlights that surgical fixation of the nonunion effectively resolved the neurovascular compression. The clinical implication suggests that addressing the bony nonunion is a critical step in treating secondary thoracic outlet syndrome in this specific context.
122. Hanna T, Ghanem D, Hernandez EJ, et al. Pyrocarbon humeral head hemiarthroplasty with pectoralis major transfer: a surgical option for young patients with shoulder arthritis and isolated deltoid paralysis: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.017
The authors present a case of a young patient with shoulder arthritis and isolated deltoid paralysis treated using pyrocarbon humeral head hemiarthroplasty combined with pectoralis major transfer. The procedure resulted in restored shoulder stability and functional improvement despite the muscle paralysis. This technique offers a viable surgical option for young patients where traditional arthroplasty would fail due to deltoid insufficiency.
124. Albishi W, Alsabbagh L, Wengle L, et al. Technique of reconstruction of chronic pectoralis major tendon rupture with dermal allograft using the anatomic length method. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.019
The article describes a novel surgical technique for reconstructing chronic pectoralis major tendon ruptures using a dermal allograft with an anatomic length method. The method ensures proper tensioning and restoration of muscle length, which is crucial for functional recovery. This approach provides a reliable solution for complex chronic ruptures where direct repair is not feasible.
126. Ekdahl M, Godoy G, Fuentes V, et al. Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome, neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, and Cutibacterium acnes infection: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.021
This case report describes a rare presentation involving the simultaneous occurrence of SAPHO syndrome, neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, and Cutibacterium acnes infection. The authors highlight the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing between inflammatory, compressive, and infectious etiologies in complex shoulder pain. Recognition of this triad is essential for initiating appropriate multimodal treatment strategies.
127. Redden AR, Childers JT, Lack BT, et al. What factors impact patients' decision to undergo shoulder surgery and subjective feeling of recovery?. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.022
This study investigated the specific factors influencing patients' decisions to undergo shoulder surgery and their subjective feelings of recovery. Key determinants included preoperative functional status, pain levels, and expectations regarding postoperative outcomes. Understanding these factors allows surgeons to better counsel patients and align expectations to improve satisfaction.
128. Feingold CL, Castonguay J, Lin EH, et al. Randomized controlled trials investigating proximal humerus fractures lack consensus in inclusion criteria. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.023
The authors conducted a review of randomized controlled trials on proximal humerus fractures and found a lack of consensus regarding inclusion criteria. This heterogeneity complicates the comparison of study results and the synthesis of evidence for clinical practice. The finding calls for standardized inclusion criteria in future trials to improve the quality and comparability of research in this area.
129. Sperling JW, Yang L, Girod MM, et al. A deep learning algorithm to detect proximal humerus fractures on radiographs. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.025
Researchers developed and validated a deep learning algorithm designed to detect proximal humerus fractures on radiographs. The study demonstrated that the algorithm achieved high sensitivity and specificity in identifying fractures compared to expert radiologists. This technology holds clinical potential to reduce diagnostic errors and expedite treatment in emergency settings where radiologist availability is limited.
130. Ziegenfuss B, Italia K, Whitehouse SL, et al. Influence of demographic and pathological factors on the clinical course and outcomes of the arthroscopic frozen shoulder 360° release. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.07.026
This study analyzed how demographic and pathological factors influence the clinical course and outcomes following arthroscopic frozen shoulder 360° release. Key findings indicated that specific patient characteristics, such as diabetes or severity of stiffness, significantly correlated with postoperative range of motion and functional scores. Clinicians should consider these factors when counseling patients on expected recovery timelines and setting realistic postoperative goals.
132. Shanmugam SK, Griff S, Polascik B, et al. Does deltoid tuberosity index correlate with bone density in patients undergoing elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery?. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.002
This investigation examined the correlation between the deltoid tuberosity index and bone mineral density in patients undergoing elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery. The study found a significant positive correlation, indicating that a lower deltoid tuberosity index may serve as a radiographic marker for osteopenia or osteoporosis. Surgeons should consider assessing bone quality in patients with a low index to optimize implant fixation strategies and reduce the risk of periprosthetic fractures.
133. Papadopoulos P, Wang C, Savoie FH, et al. Oxandrolone treatment prevents muscle atrophy and retraction after rotator cuff injury: an experimental study in rats. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.003
An experimental study in rats evaluated the efficacy of oxandrolone in preventing muscle atrophy and retraction following rotator cuff injury. Treatment with oxandrolone significantly preserved muscle mass and reduced tendon retraction compared to untreated controls. These preclinical results suggest that anabolic agents like oxandrolone could be a promising adjunctive therapy to improve healing outcomes in rotator cuff repairs.
134. Almasarweh J, Ellauzi H, Theopold JD, et al. Risk factors for complications and poor function after open reduction and fixation of olecranon fractures. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.004
This study identified specific risk factors associated with complications and poor functional outcomes following open reduction and fixation of olecranon fractures. Key predictors included comminution, delayed presentation, and the presence of pre-existing comorbidities, which were linked to higher rates of nonunion and stiffness. Recognizing these risk factors allows surgeons to tailor surgical techniques and postoperative rehabilitation plans to mitigate adverse outcomes.
136. King PL, Zitnay JL, Kirkham MS, et al. Shoulder joint angles in supine and upright imaging of the preoperative reverse total shoulder arthroplasty patient. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.006
This study compared shoulder joint angles in supine versus upright imaging for patients undergoing preoperative planning for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The findings revealed significant differences in glenohumeral alignment and scapular positioning between the two imaging positions, which could impact component sizing and placement. Surgeons should be aware of these positional discrepancies to ensure accurate preoperative planning and optimal implant positioning.
137. Newton MB, Allen C. Operative fixation of an intra-articular scapula fracture from household appliance electrocution: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.007
This case report describes the operative fixation of an intra-articular scapula fracture sustained during household appliance electrocution. The authors detail the surgical approach and successful management of this rare injury mechanism. The case highlights the feasibility of standard fixation techniques for electrocution-induced complex fractures.
138. Griffin TC, Samsill BA, Kruse LM, et al. Prevalence of amyloid deposition in distal biceps tendon ruptures: a retrospective review of intraoperative biopsy. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.008
This retrospective review analyzed intraoperative biopsies to determine the prevalence of amyloid deposition in patients undergoing surgery for distal biceps tendon ruptures. The study found a significant rate of amyloidosis within the ruptured tendon tissue. These findings suggest that amyloid deposition may be a contributing factor in tendon degeneration and rupture, warranting further investigation into etiology.
139. Estfeller A, Paksoy A, Moroder P, et al. Preosteoarthritic static posterior humeral subluxation in young adults (posterior shoulder instability type C1): associative factors, diagnosis, and treatment. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.009
This study investigates the associative factors, diagnostic criteria, and treatment outcomes for preosteoarthritic static posterior humeral subluxation in young adults. The authors identify specific clinical and radiographic markers associated with this condition, classified as posterior shoulder instability type C1. Early recognition and targeted intervention are emphasized to prevent progression to frank osteoarthritis.
141. Ezzeddine H, Ghanem W, Badra M, et al. Discovery of a fully ossified transverse humeral ligament during biceps tenodesis: a case report. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.011
This case report documents the rare discovery of a fully ossified transverse humeral ligament during a biceps tenodesis procedure. The authors describe the intraoperative findings and the technical considerations required to manage the ossified structure. This case adds to the limited literature on anatomical variations of the transverse humeral ligament.
142. Elder N, Vollant M, Kelly M, et al. Glenohumeral cerclage with anterior cruciate ligament guide suture retrieval for instability in reverse shoulder replacement. JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques 2025. doi:10.1016/j.xrrt.2025.08.012
This technical note describes a novel technique using a glenohumeral cerclage with an anterior cruciate ligament guide suture retrieval system to address instability in reverse shoulder replacement. The method facilitates secure soft tissue repair and stabilization of the glenohumeral joint. This approach offers a potential solution for managing complex instability scenarios during reverse arthroplasty.